апоптоз

Аутофагия: клеточная гибель или способ выживания?

ОБЗОРЫ , ,

О.В. Ковалева, М.С. Шитова, И.Б. Зборовская

ФГБУ «Российский онкологический научный центр им. Н.Н. Блохина» РАМН, Москва, Российская Федерация

РЕФЕРАТ

Взаимодействие процессов пролиферации, дифференцировки и гибели клеток служит неотъемлемой частью жизнедеятельности многоклеточных организмов. Нарушение баланса между этими процессами лежит в основе развития многих заболеваний человека. Понимание их молекулярных механизмов необходимо для поиска новых диагностических и терапевтических мишеней. В последнее десятилетие большой интерес у ученых вызывает процесс аутофагии и ее роль в жизнедеятельности клетки как в норме, так и при патологии. Аутофагия — это процесс утилизации клеточных органелл и макромолекул. Аутофагия сопровождает жизнедеятельность любой нормальной клетки в обычных условиях. Однако при определенных обстоятельствах аутофагия может приводить к клеточной гибели. Нарушения аутофагии играют роль в развитии онкологических, мышечных и нейродегенеративных заболеваний, кардиомиопатии и др.

Ключевые слова: апоптоз, аутофагия, канцерогенез

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