CAR-T Technology and New Opportunities for Tumor Treatment

AUTOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA

VYu Pavlova1, ES Livadnyi2

1 SV Belyaev Kemerovo Regional Clinical Hospital, 22 bld. 2 Oktyabrskii pr-t, Kemerovo, Russian Federation, 650066

2 Kemerovo State Medical University, 22a Voroshilova str., Kemerovo, Russian Federation, 650066

For correspondence: Vera Yurevna Pavlova, MD, PhD, 22 bld. 2 Oktyabrskii pr-t, Kemerovo, Russian Federation, 650066; Tel.: +7(951)570-57-86; e-mail: vera.4447.kem@mail.ru

For citation: Pavlova VYu, Livadnyi ES. CAR-T Technology and New Opportunities for Tumor Treatment. Clinical oncohematology. 2021;14(1):149–56. (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2021-14-1-149-156

ABSTRACT

As a cause of death malignant neoplasms come in at the second place after cardiovascular disorders. CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor of T-cells) therapy is an advanced malignant tumor treatment method. The use of CAR-T lymphocytes refers to adoptive immunotherapy. CAR-T technology is based on “extracting” immune cells (T-lymphocytes) and their genetic modification aimed at acquiring antitumor properties and followed by reinfusion. The advantage of CAR-T therapy in comparison to other treatment methods is that for target cell recognition T-lymphocytes are not dependent on major histocompatibility complex class 1 (MHC-I) molecules. The literature data we collected and analyzed show that this is a fundamentally new and effective treatment method of oncohematological diseases including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Clinical trials proved the advantage of CAR-T therapy in comparison to other treatment methods applied in this field. The analysis of literature showed that CAR-T therapy can be reasonably regarded as one of the advanced opportunities for malignant tumor treatment.

Keywords: adoptive immunotherapy, CAR-T lymphocytes, chimeric antigen receptor.

Received: September 20, 2020

Accepted: December 1, 2020

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Статистика Plumx английский

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