antigenic expression

Acute Leukemias: Immunophenotypic Differences between Blast Cells and Their Nonneoplastic Analogues in Bone Marrow

LYMPHOID TUMORS , , ,

АM Popov1, ТYu Verzhbitskaya2,3, LG Fechina2, AV Shestopalov1,4, SA Plyasunova1

1 Dmitrii Rogachev Federal Scientific Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1 Samory Mashela str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117997

2 Regional Children’s Hospital No. 1, 32 Serafimy Deryabinoi str., Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620149

3 Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a Karla Marksa str., Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, 620026

4 N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Samory Mashela str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117997

For correspondence: Aleksandr Mikhailovich Popov, PhD, 1 Samory Mashela str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 117997; Tel.: +7(495)287-65-70; e-mail: uralcytometry@gmail.com

For citation: Popov AM, Verzhbitskaya TYu, Fechina LG, et al. Acute Leukemias: Immunophenotypic Differences between Blast Cells and Their Nonneoplastic Analogues in Bone Marrow. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(3):302-13 (In Russ).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-3-302-313

ABSTRACT

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping of bone marrow tumor blasts is one of the principal methods used for acute leukemia (AL) diagnosing. Normal lymphopoietic and myelopoietic progenitors have very similar antigenic profile with leukemic cells, thus, making the AL diagnosing more difficult. Genetic disorders resulting in formation of a tumor clone contribute to development of an immunophenotype that differs from normal cells. Aberrant expression of markers detected in AL blast cells alone forms a so-called leukemia-associated immunophenotype. The leukemia-associated immunophenotype detection by multicolor flow cytometry permits distinguishing between normal and neoplastic cells. This requires simultaneous assessment of many markers on the same cells, which is possible only if multicolor flow cytometry with well-designed and well-established antibodies panels is used. Moreover, correct interpretation of the cell population location on dot plot requires adequate cytometer setup, standardized sample preparation and enough experienced personnel. That is why correct immunophenotyping is often possible only in large laboratories performing reference immunophenotyping within the frames of multicenter trials.

Keywords: acute leukemias, flow cytometry, antigenic expression, immunophenotype.

Received: February 19, 2016

Accepted: March 16, 2016

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