autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation

Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Biochemical Markers of Infectious Complications of High-Dose Therapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases

COMPLICATIONS OF ANTITUMOR TREATMENT , , , ,

VO Sarzhevskii, YuN Dubinina, VYa Mel’nichenko

NI Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203

For correspondence: Vladislav Olegovich Sarzhevskii, PhD, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203; Tel: +7(495)603-72-18; e-mail: vladsar@pochta.ru

For citation: Sarzhevskii VO, Dubinina YuN, Mel’nichenko VYa. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Biochemical Markers of Infectious Complications of High-Dose Therapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases. Clinical oncohematology. 2017;10(1):113–9 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2017-10-1-113-119

ABSTRACT

Aim. To evaluate diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin (PSP) in patients with malignant lymphoproliferative disorders after a high-dose chemotherapy and auto-HSCT.

Methods. 28 patients were included in the study (20 women and 8 men; 12 of them with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 6 with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, and 10 with multiple myeloma). The median age was 40 years (23–66 years). The conditioning regimens were CBV, BEAM or melphalan 200 mg/m2. PSP, PCT and CRP levels were evaluated on the day of admission (DA), D+1, D+3, D+7 and on the day of discharge (DD). Depending on the presence of infectious complications, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — patients without complications (n = 12), group 2 — patients with complications (n = 16). In group 2 there were 15 patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) and 1 with sepsis.

Results. The median (range) of FN development was 5.5 days. Median CRP level on the DA and the DD in group 1 was 2.25 mg/l (0.6–20.4) and 14.85 mg/l (3.7–50), respectively (p = 0.001), while in group 2 it was 3.2 mg/l (0.2–53) and 19.7 mg/l (5.1–152.2), respectively (p = 0.025). However, CRP did not significantly differ between groups 1 and 2 at any point of analysis. The study also demonstrated a significant increase in the PCT levels in both groups after allo-HSCT. Median PCT level on the DA and the DD in group 1 was 0.023 ng/ml (0.02–0.112) and 0.07 ng/mL (0.02–0.356), respectively (p = 0.04), and in group 2 — 0.039 ng/ml (0.02–0.158) and 0.106 ng/mL (0.045–3.67), respectively (p = 0.001). Comparison of PCT levels on study days demonstrated no significant difference between groups. On the DA the median PSP level in group 1 was 166.5 pg/ml (77.2–476), on the DD it was 199 pg/ml (90–298) (p = 0.78). Median PSP levels in group 2 on the DA (129 pg/ml, range 84.2–501) and also on the DD (288.5 pg/ml, range 83.4–1345) were significantly different (p = 0.03). In the comparative analysis of PSP in groups 1 and 2, there were no significant differences on the DA and on the D+1. Significant difference in PSP levels between the analyzed groups was on the D+3, D+7 and on the DA.

Conclusion. The preliminary data showed that PSP is the most sensitive marker of infectious complications in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases after auto-HSCT.

Keywords: high-dose chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, infection, presepsin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein.

Received: July 28, 2016

Accepted: December 10, 2016

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REFERENCES

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Biochemical Markers of Cardiotoxicity of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders

COMPLICATIONS OF ANTITUMOR TREATMENT , ,

VO Sarzhevskii, DS Kolesnikova, VYa Mel’nichenko

NI Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203

For correspondence: Vladislav Olegovich Sarzhevskii, PhD, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203; Tel: +7(495)603-72-18; e-mail: vladsar@pochta.ru

For citation: Sarzhevskii VO, Kolesnikova DS, Mel’nichenko VYa. Biochemical Markers of Cardiotoxicity of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(4):465–73 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-4-465-473

ABSTRACT

Background. High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (auto-HSCT) is an effective therapeutic option for patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in those cases, when the standard chemotherapy combined with the radiation therapy proves to be ineffective. The HDCT and auto-HSCT are also basic treatment options for multiple myeloma. However, toxic effects of the transplantation, including cardiotoxicity, may significantly worsen the prognosis of patients who receive this treatment.

Aim. To evaluate changes in biochemical markers of cardiotoxicity (troponin and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)) in patients with malignant lymphomas (receiving HDCT and auto-HSCT).

Materials & Methods. 157 patients were enrolled in the study. The sensitivity threshold of the troponin T test was 0.1 ng/mL and troponin I 0.001 ng/mL (highly sensitive troponin). Troponin T (conventional troponin) was measured in 56 patients, troponin I was assessed in 101 patients. Serum troponin levels were evaluated before the conditioning, on D0, D+7, and D+12. The level of NT-proBNP was assessed before the conditioning, on D0 and D+12.

Results. Increased troponin T level was observed in 2 of 56 patients (3.6 %), increased troponin I level — in 27 of 101 patients (26.7 %) (p < 0.01). Troponin levels were within normal limits in all patients at admission. Troponin T levels increased only on D+7. Troponin I level increased in 4 patients (4 %) on D0, in 17 patients (16.8 %) on D+7 and in 11 patients (10.9 %) on D+12. The median concentration of troponin I was 0.215 ng/mL after HDCT completion, 0.74 ng/mL on D+7 and 0.21 ng/mL on D+12. No cases of myocardial infarction were observed. NT-proBNP levels in most patients were within normal limits at admission (median level 79.2 pg/mL). The situation changed significantly after conditioning: in most patients the level was almost twice as high as the upper normal limit (medial 240.6 pg/mL). Significant differences in levels of NT-proBNP (p < 0.05) were observed at comparison of data before conditioning and D0, and before conditioning and D+12.

Conclusion. The data obtained confirm a significant impact of HDCT and auto-HSCT on the cardiovascular system of patients with malignant lymphomas. Further studies and observation of the patients are needed to clarify the prognostic significance of the findings related to cardiotoxicity (in particular, congestive heart failure).

Keywords: high-dose chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, cardiotoxicity, troponin, NT-proBNP.

Received: June 13, 2016

Accepted: June 14, 2016

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REFERENCES

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Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Synchronized with ECG as Method for Evaluation of Cardiotoxicity of High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders

COMPLICATIONS OF ANTITUMOR TREATMENT , , ,

VO Sarzhevskii, DS Kolesnikova, MN Vakhromeeva, VYa Mel’nichenko

N.I. Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203

For correspondence: Vladislav Olegovich Sarzhevskii, PhD, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203; Tel.: +7(495)603-72-18; e-mail: vladsar@pochta.ru

For citation: Sarzhevskii VO, Kolesnikova DS, Vakhromeeva MN, Mel’nichenko VYa. Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Synchronized with ECG as Method for Evaluation of Cardiotoxicity of High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders. Clinical oncohematology. 2015;8(1):84–90 (In Russ).

ABSTRACT

Background. High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (auto-HSCT) is currently widely used for the treatment of relapsed and refractory to standard chemotherapy cases of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. Cardiac monitoring of patients treated with HDC with subsequent auto-HSCT is performed by means of ECG and Echo-CG in most cases. The method of single-photon emission computed tomography of the left ventricle (LV) synchronized with ECG (gated-SPECT) is rarely used to assess cardiotoxic effect of HDC and auto-HSCT.

Objective. To evaluate perfusion and regional myocardial function of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with malignant lymphomas receiving HDC and auto-HSCT.

Methods. The study included 69 patients (37 with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 19 with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and 13 with multiple myeloma). The median age was 36 year (range from 19 to 66 years); 40 females, 29 males. Perfusion and regional LV function at rest before the HDC and auto-HSCT (point 1) and at discharge (point 2) were assessed. Each study was performed on a double-headed rotating gamma camera Forte (Philips, USA). 740 MBq of technetium-99m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) was used as a radiopharmaceutical. Semiquantitative assessment of tomoscintigrams was performed using polar diagrams (20-segment model); they were used for complex analysis of perfusion and LF myocardium function parameters.

Results. The total area of hypoperfusion, expressed as a percentage of the area of the LV myocardium, did not change significantly during treatment (p > 0.05). However, the segmental analysis demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the median uptake level of the radiopharmaceutical in 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 10, 13, 16, 17, and 19 segments (p < 0.05). The total ejection fraction (TEF) did not change (median TEF was 59.5 % at point 1 and 58 % at point 2). But it showed a statistically significant decrease in median of local systolic thickening in 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, and 20 segments of the left ventricle (p < 0.05).

Conclusions. HDC and auto-HSCT significantly change perfusion and regional LV myocardial function in patients with malignant lymphomas. The changes demonstrate diffuse myocardial damage. Gated-SPECT can be considered a promising method for assessing cardiotoxicity of HDC and auto-HSCT.

Keywords: high-dose chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, cardiotoxicity, gated-SPECT.

Received: July 23, 2014

Accepted: November 5, 2014

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REFERENCES

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  11. Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Colombo A, et al. Prognostic value of troponin I in cardiac risk stratification of cancer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy. Circulation. 2004;109(22):2749–54. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000130926.51766.cc.
  12. Auner HW, Tinchon C, Linkesch W, et al. Prolonged monitoring of troponin T for the detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity in adults with hematological malignancies. Ann Hematol. 2003;82(4):218–22.
  13. Pihkala J, Saarinen UM, Lundstrоm U, et al. Effects of bone marrow transplantation on myocardial function in children. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1994;13(2):149–55.
  14. Zver S, Zadnik V, Cernelc P, et al. Cardiac toxicity of high-dose cyclophosphamide and melphalan in patients with multiple myeloma treated with tandem autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Hematol. 2008;88(2):227–36. doi: 10.1007/s12185-008-0112-5.

High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cells Transplantation for Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Is There an Equal Right to Life?

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , , , ,

N.V. Zhukov1,2, A.G. Rumyantsev1, A.L. Uss3, N.F. Milanovich3, V.V. Ptushkin1, B.V. Afanasyev4, N.B. Mikhaylova4, V.B. Larionova5, E.A. Demina5, E.E. Karamanesht6, N.G. Tyurina7, M.A. Vernyuk7, A.D. Kaprin7

1 Dmitrii Rogachev Federal Scientific Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology under the RF MH, Moscow, Russian Federation

2 N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation

3 National Center for Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Minsk, Belarus

4 R.M. Gorbacheva Memorial Institute of Children Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation under I.P. Pavlov State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

5 N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center of RAMS, Moscow, Russian Federation

6 Kyiv Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation, Kyiv, Ukraine

7 P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncological Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation

For citation: Zhukov N.V., Rumyantsev A.G., Uss A.L., Milanovich N.F., Ptushkin V.V., Afanas’ev B.V., Mikhailova N.B., Larionova V.B., Demina E.A., Karamanesht E.E., Tyurina N.G., Vernyuk M.A., Kaprin A.D. High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cells Transplantation for Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Is There an Equal Right to Life? Klin. onkogematol. 2014; 7(3): 317–26 (In Russ.).

ABSTRACT

Aim. Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) patients with primary refractory (PRef) course of disease or relapses refractory to the previous 2nd line therapy (RRel) often are not given high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell support (ASCS), and this refuse is motivated by its poor efficacy and high toxicity in this population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ASCS in this patient population.

Materials and methods. 372 patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma undergoing ASCS between 01.1990 and 06.2013 were included in the trial. The reason for ASCS was: primary refractory disease in 132 (35.5 %) patients, relapse of the disease resistant to II line chemotherapy (refractory relapse) in 81 (22 %). The remaining 159 patients (42.5 %) either had a relapse for which they received no II line chemotherapy (a relapse with untested sensitivity) or a relapse that proved to be sensitive to previously performed II line therapy (sensitive relapse). These patients were assigned to a chemosensitive HL group.

Results. With a median follow-up of 51 months, the overall survival rate (OS) and the relapse-free survival rate (RFS) did not differ significantly between patients with RRel, PRef and chemosensitive HL group (p > 0.05). Only freedom from treatment failure survival (FFTS) was significantly worse in patients with PRef HL (5-yrs EFS 42 % vs 58 % in patients with RRel vs 60 % in patients with chemosensitive HL group; p = 0.004). 100-day mortality mostly caused by ASCS toxicity also did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.2). Irrespectively of primary reason for ASCS, long-term ASCS results significantly depended on response to the cytoreductive therapy. The effect of the cytoreductive therapy was assessed in 309 patients. When patients achieved complete, marked partial or partial remission, the 5-year overall survival rate, FFTS, and relapse-free survival rate was 78 %, 64 %, and 68 %, respectively. In patients with stabilization or progression of disease due to the cytoreductive therapy, these parameters were equal to 33 %, 24 % и 52 %, respectively (p < 0.001 for OS and FFTS, p = 0.005 for RFS).

Conclusion. In patients with primary refractory and refractory relapse of HL, ASCS has acceptable efficacy and early mortality which is comparable to that observed in patients with chemosensitive Hodgkin’s lymphoma, thus permitting to consider ASCS a potential therapeutic approach in patients with primary refractory disease and resistant relapses of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Irrespectively of the initial disease course, the tumor response to the cytoreductive therapy is the most important predictive factor for the long-term ASCS results.

Keywords: Hodgkin’s lymphoma, high-dose chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, primary resistance, resistant relapse.

Address correspondence to: zhukov.nikolay@rambler.ru

Accepted: April 13, 2014

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