C-reactive protein

Role of Biochemical Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia

ANTINEOPLASTIC THERAPY COMPLICATIONS , , , , , ,

YuN Dubinina1, VO Sarzhevskii2, VYa Melnichenko2

1 Oncology and Hematology Outpatient Clinic, 2 bld. 1 Molodogvardeiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 121467

2 NI Pirogov Russian National Medical Center of Surgery, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203

For correspondence: Yuliya Nikolaevna Dubinina, 2 bld. 1 Molodogvardeiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 121467; Tel.: +7(499)112-25-04; e-mail: medicinemsc@gmail.com

For citation: Dubinina YuN, Sarzhevskii VO, Melnichenko VYa. Role of Biochemical Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia. Clinical oncohematology. 2019;12(4):461–7 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2019-12-4-461-467

ABSTRACT

The growing number of autologous and allogeneic transplantations of bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cells as well as their technological effectiveness give rise to drug antineoplastic therapies with increased toxicity leading to development of complications. The most serious among this sort of complications are infections. Probability of infections in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia reaches 90 %. In this context the search for an optimal marker of infectious complications becomes more and more important. The present review deals with basic biochemical inflammatory markers and the analysis of trials assessing diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and presepsin.

Keywords: sepsis, autologous bone marrow transplantation, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, chemotherapy, infection, procalcitonin, presepsin, C-reactive protein.

Received: May 7, 2019

Accepted: September 11, 2019

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    [Sarzhevskii VO, Dubinina YuN, Mel’nichenko VYa. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Biochemical Markers of Infectious Complications of High-Dose Therapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases. Clinical oncohematology. 2017;10(1):113–9. doi: 10.21320/2500-2139-2017-10-1-113-119. (In Russ)]

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Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Biochemical Markers of Infectious Complications of High-Dose Therapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases

COMPLICATIONS OF ANTITUMOR TREATMENT , , , ,

VO Sarzhevskii, YuN Dubinina, VYa Mel’nichenko

NI Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203

For correspondence: Vladislav Olegovich Sarzhevskii, PhD, 70 Nizhnyaya Pervomaiskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105203; Tel: +7(495)603-72-18; e-mail: vladsar@pochta.ru

For citation: Sarzhevskii VO, Dubinina YuN, Mel’nichenko VYa. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Biochemical Markers of Infectious Complications of High-Dose Therapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Diseases. Clinical oncohematology. 2017;10(1):113–9 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2017-10-1-113-119

ABSTRACT

Aim. To evaluate diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and presepsin (PSP) in patients with malignant lymphoproliferative disorders after a high-dose chemotherapy and auto-HSCT.

Methods. 28 patients were included in the study (20 women and 8 men; 12 of them with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, 6 with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, and 10 with multiple myeloma). The median age was 40 years (23–66 years). The conditioning regimens were CBV, BEAM or melphalan 200 mg/m2. PSP, PCT and CRP levels were evaluated on the day of admission (DA), D+1, D+3, D+7 and on the day of discharge (DD). Depending on the presence of infectious complications, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — patients without complications (n = 12), group 2 — patients with complications (n = 16). In group 2 there were 15 patients with febrile neutropenia (FN) and 1 with sepsis.

Results. The median (range) of FN development was 5.5 days. Median CRP level on the DA and the DD in group 1 was 2.25 mg/l (0.6–20.4) and 14.85 mg/l (3.7–50), respectively (p = 0.001), while in group 2 it was 3.2 mg/l (0.2–53) and 19.7 mg/l (5.1–152.2), respectively (p = 0.025). However, CRP did not significantly differ between groups 1 and 2 at any point of analysis. The study also demonstrated a significant increase in the PCT levels in both groups after allo-HSCT. Median PCT level on the DA and the DD in group 1 was 0.023 ng/ml (0.02–0.112) and 0.07 ng/mL (0.02–0.356), respectively (p = 0.04), and in group 2 — 0.039 ng/ml (0.02–0.158) and 0.106 ng/mL (0.045–3.67), respectively (p = 0.001). Comparison of PCT levels on study days demonstrated no significant difference between groups. On the DA the median PSP level in group 1 was 166.5 pg/ml (77.2–476), on the DD it was 199 pg/ml (90–298) (p = 0.78). Median PSP levels in group 2 on the DA (129 pg/ml, range 84.2–501) and also on the DD (288.5 pg/ml, range 83.4–1345) were significantly different (p = 0.03). In the comparative analysis of PSP in groups 1 and 2, there were no significant differences on the DA and on the D+1. Significant difference in PSP levels between the analyzed groups was on the D+3, D+7 and on the DA.

Conclusion. The preliminary data showed that PSP is the most sensitive marker of infectious complications in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases after auto-HSCT.

Keywords: high-dose chemotherapy, autologous hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, infection, presepsin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein.

Received: July 28, 2016

Accepted: December 10, 2016

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Diagnostic Value of C-Reactive Protein as Marker of Infections in Patients with De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemias

INFECTIONS IN ONCOHEMATOLOGY , , , , ,

L.N. Tarasova1, S.G. Vladimirova1, V.V. Cherepanova2

1 Kirov Scientific Research Institute for Hematology and Blood Transfusion under the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia, 72 Krasnoarmeiskaya str., Kirov, Russian Federation, 610027

2 Municipal Hospital No. 33, 54 pr-t Lenina, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603122

For correspondence: Lyudmila Nikolaevna Tarasova, DSci, Professor, 72 Krasnoarmeiskaya str., Kirov, Russian Federation, 610027; Tel.: +7(8332)67-57-00; e-mail: vlsg@mail.ru

For citation: Tarasova LN, Vladimirova SG, Cherepanova VV. Diagnostic Value of C-Reactive Protein as Marker of Infections in Patients with De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemias. Clinical oncohematology. 2015;8(4):442–446 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2015-8-4-442-446

ABSTRACT

Aim. To determine diagnostically relevant C-protein levels (CRP) as an early infection marker in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemias (AML), to evaluate the dependence of CRP concentrations on the WBC count and leukemic blast cells in the peripheral blood.

Methods. CRP was tested in 39 patients with de novo AML (17 males and 22 females) at the age of 20 to 76 years (median age is 49). AML types according to the FAB grading were as follows: М0 — 2, М1 — 4, М2 — 23, М4 — 8, and М5 — 2 patients.

Results. CRP concentrations in patients without symptoms of an infection (n = 16) were within the range from 0 to 43 mg/l (median 5.5 mg/l). The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between the CRP level and WBC and blast cell counts were 0.664 (p = 0.006) and 0.473 (p = 0.062), respectively. The obtained data confirm activation of CRP synthesis in case of leukemia. In patients with an infection and/or fever (n = 23), CRP levels were significantly higher than those in patients without an infection: 8–383 mg/l (median 81 mg/l). No correlation between the CRP level and WBC and blast cell counts was found. Therefore, the CRP synthesis during the onset of AML is significantly increased as a response to the infection. In groups of patients with and without infections, 95% CI were equal to 0–40 mg/l and 12–315 mg/l, respectively. Since they overlap within the range from 12 to 40 mg/l, they may be considered a «grey zone». The CRP concentrations within this range suggest infection. CRP levels lower than 12 mg/l or higher than 40 mg/l with a high degree of probability confirm either absence or presence of infectious complications, respectively.

Conclusion. Therefore, CRP is an accessible and informative marker of infection in patients with AML during the onset of the disease. Monitoring of its levels permits to start a timely antimicrobial therapy; at that, the efficacy of the therapy can be assessed based on the dynamics of this parameter.

Keywords: acute myeloid leukemias, infectious complications, acute-phase proteins, C-reactive protein, blast cells, white blood cells.

Received: April 20, 2015

Accepted: October 22, 2015

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