carcinogenesis

Current Issues in Carcinogenesis

REVIEWS , , , , , ,

IV Vysotskaya1, VP Letyagin2, MA Shabanov2, VYu Kirsanov1, EA Kim1, NV Levkina1

1 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 bld. 2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991

2 NN Blokhin National Medical Cancer Research Center, 24 Kashirskoye sh., Moscow, Russian Federation, 115478

For correspondence: Prof. Irina Viktorovna Vysotskaya, MD, PhD, 8 bld. 2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991; e-mail: vysotskaya.irina@mail.ru

For citation: Vysotskaya IV, Letyagin VP, Shabanov MA, et al. Current Issues in Carcinogenesis. Clinical oncohematology. 2019;12(1):101–6.

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2019-12-1-101-106

ABSTRACT

The review presents current data on the major pathogenetic mechanisms underlying uncontrolled growth and dissemination of tumor and its resistance to conventional treatment. Cell genetic instability associated with accumulation of mutations in genes controlling cell growth and differentiation is a key factor in tumor proliferation. Due understanding and detailed analysis of carcinogenesis processes provide the basis for creation of new anticancer drugs which in turn enables optimization and individualization of cancer treatment.

Keywords: carcinogenesis, initiation, promotion, repair, proto-oncogenes, suppressor genes, Ras, TP53, targeted therapy.

Received: June 27, 2018

Accepted: December 20, 2018

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Autophagy: cell death or survival strategy?

REVIEWS , ,

O.V. Kovaleva, M.S. Shitova, and I.B. Zborovskaya

N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, RAMS, Moscow, Russian Federation

ABSTRACT

The interaction between proliferation, differentiation, and programmed cell death is an integral part of the life-sustaining activity of multicellular organisms. The imbalance between these processes underlies the development of many human diseases. Understanding molecular mechanisms of these processes is important for identifying new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. During the last decade, the autophagy processed and its role in the cell life and death became a subject of great scientific interest. Autophagy represents a mechanism of intracellular substance utilization. Autophagy is a process that occurs in all cells under normal conditions. But under certain circumstances, this process can result in the cell death. Impaired autophagy significantly contributes into the development of some diseases (cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders etc.).

Keywords: apoptosis, autophagy, carcinogenesis

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