oncohematological diseases

Factors Affecting Course and Outcome of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Data from Hematological Hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region

LYMPHOID TUMORS , , , ,

VI Bakhtina1,2, IV Demko2, AN Narkevich2, DS Gushchin3

1 Regional Clinical Hospital, 3а Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022

2 Professor VF Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 1 Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022

3 Norilsk Inter-District Hospital No. 1, Solnechnyi pr-d, 7a Norilsk, Russian Federation, 663300

For correspondence: Varvara Ivanovna Bakhtina, 1 Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022; Tel: +7(923)357-57-77; е-mail: doctor.gem@mail.ru

For citation: Bakhtina VI, Demko IV, Narkevich AN, Gushchin DS. Factors Affecting Course and Outcome of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Data from Hematological Hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(4):413–419 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-4-413-419

ABSTRACT

Background & Aims. B-cellular chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and biological characteristics. The age of 70 % of patients is more than 65 years by the date of the diagnosis; most of them have several comorbidities. The aim of the study is to identify factors affecting the survival, as well as to determine causes of mortality in CLL patients (according to data from hematological hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region).

Methods. In order to identify the most significant factors affecting the course and the outcome of CLL, a retrospective analysis of data on patients who died in hematological hospitals was carried out. 45 cases with the lethal outcome were registered within six years. All patients were under hematologist’s supervision after diagnosing the disease, and they were followed throughout the treatment period up to the lethal outcome.

Results. Тhe overall and progression-free survival depended, first of all, on the type of the first line therapy and its efficacy. The progression of the underlying disease and infectious complications became the main reason of the lethal outcome in CLL patients.

Conclusion. Most patients received ineffective treatment as first line therapy. The analysis of the comorbidities showed that a more effective chemotherapy could be performed with achievement of longer complete remissions.

Keywords: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, oncohematological diseases, comorbidities, survival, treatment.

Received: May 16, 2016

Accepted: June 17, 2016

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REFERENCES

  1. Gribben JG. How I treat CLL up front. Blood. 2010;115(2):187– doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-08-207126.
  2. Lee JS, Dixon DO, Kantarjian H, et al. Prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multivariate regression analysis of 325 untreated patients. Blood. 1987;69(3):929–36.
  3. Molica S. Infections in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: risks factors and impact on survival and treatment. Leuk Lymphoma. 1994;13(3–4):203–14. doi: 10.3109/10428199409056283.
  4. Albertsen PC, Moore DF, Shih W, et al. Impact of comorbidity on survival among men with localized prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(10):1335–41. doi: 10.1200/jco.2010.31.2330.
  5. Etienne A, Esterni B, Charbonnier A, et al. Comorbidity is an independent predictor of complete remission in elderly patients receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer. 2007;109(7):1376– doi: 10.1002/cncr.22537.
  6. Kos FT, Yazici O, Civelek B, et al. Evaluation of the effect of comorbidity on survival in pancreatic cancer by using “Charlson Comorbidity Index” and “Cumulative Illness Rating Scale”. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014;126(1–2):36– doi: 10.1007/s00508-013-0453-9.
  7. Della Porta MG, Malcovati L. Clinical relevance of extra-hematologic comorbidity in the management of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica. 2009;94(5):602– doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.005702.
  8. Wang S, Wong ML, Hamilton N, et al. Impact of age and comorbidity on non-small-cell lung cancer treatment in older veterans. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(13):1447–55. doi: 11200/jco.2011.39.5269.
  9. Strati P, Chaffe K, Achenbach S, et al. Comorbidity and cause of death in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Cancer Res. 2015;75(15): Abstract 5267. doi: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5267.
  10. Goede V, Paula Cramer P, Busch R, et al. Interactions between comorbidity and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of German Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Study Group trials. 2014;99(6):1095–100. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2013.096792.
  11. Thurmes P, Call T, Slager S, et al. Comorbid conditions and survival in unselected, newly diagnosed patients with chronic lymphocyticleukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008;49(1):49–56. doi: 10.1080/10428190701724785.
  12. Linn BS, Linn MW, Gurel L. Cumulative illness rating scale. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1968;16(5):622–6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1968.tbx.
  13. Hallek M, Fischer K, Fingerle-Rowson G, et al. Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. 2010;376(9747):1164–74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736.
  14. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8.
  15. Anaissie EJ, Kontoyiannis DP, O’Brien S, et al. Infections in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with fludarabine. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129(7):559– doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00010.
  16. Badoux XC, Keating MJ, Wang X, et al. Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab chemoimmunotherapy is highly effective treatment for relapsed patients with CLL. 2011;117(11):3016–24. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-08-304683.
  17. Catovsky D, Richards S, Matutes E, et al. Assessment of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (the LRF CLL4 Trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007;370(9583):230–9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61125-8.
  18. Bouvet E, Borel C, Oberic L, et al. Impact of dose intensity on outcome of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab regimen given in the first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 2013;98(1):65–70. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2012.070755.
  19. Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, et al. Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. Psychiatry Res. 1992;41(3):237–48. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(92)90005-n.
  20. Parmlee PA, Thuras PD, Katz IR, et al. Validation of Cumulative Index Rating Scale in a geriatric residential population. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43(2):130–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06377.x.
  21. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, et al. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83. doi: 1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8.

Factors Affecting Course and Outcome of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Data from Hematological Hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region

LYMPHOID TUMORS , , , ,

VI Bakhtina1,2, IV Demko2, AN Narkevich2, DS Gushchin3

1 Regional Clinical Hospital, 3а Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022

2 Professor VF Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 1 Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022

3 Norilsk Inter-District Hospital No. 1, Solnechnyi pr-d, 7a Norilsk, Russian Federation, 663300

For correspondence: Varvara Ivanovna Bakhtina, 1 Partizana Zheleznyaka Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660022; Tel: +7(923)357-57-77; е-mail: doctor.gem@mail.ru

For citation: Bakhtina VI, Demko IV, Narkevich AN, Gushchin DS. Factors Affecting Course and Outcome of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Data from Hematological Hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(4):413–419 (In Russ).

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-4-413-419

ABSTRACT

Background & Aims. B-cellular chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations and biological characteristics. The age of 70 % of patients is more than 65 years by the date of the diagnosis; most of them have several comorbidities. The aim of the study is to identify factors affecting the survival, as well as to determine causes of mortality in CLL patients (according to data from hematological hospitals of Krasnoyarsk Region).

Methods. In order to identify the most significant factors affecting the course and the outcome of CLL, a retrospective analysis of data on patients who died in hematological hospitals was carried out. 45 cases with the lethal outcome were registered within six years. All patients were under hematologist’s supervision after diagnosing the disease, and they were followed throughout the treatment period up to the lethal outcome.

Results. Тhe overall and progression-free survival depended, first of all, on the type of the first line therapy and its efficacy. The progression of the underlying disease and infectious complications became the main reason of the lethal outcome in CLL patients.

Conclusion. Most patients received ineffective treatment as first line therapy. The analysis of the comorbidities showed that a more effective chemotherapy could be performed with achievement of longer complete remissions.

Keywords: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, oncohematological diseases, comorbidities, survival, treatment.

Received: May 16, 2016

Accepted: June 17, 2016

Read in PDF (RUS) pdficon

REFERENCES

  1. Gribben JG. How I treat CLL up front. Blood. 2010;115(2):187– doi: 10.1182/blood-2009-08-207126.
  2. Lee JS, Dixon DO, Kantarjian H, et al. Prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multivariate regression analysis of 325 untreated patients. Blood. 1987;69(3):929–36.
  3. Molica S. Infections in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: risks factors and impact on survival and treatment. Leuk Lymphoma. 1994;13(3–4):203–14. doi: 10.3109/10428199409056283.
  4. Albertsen PC, Moore DF, Shih W, et al. Impact of comorbidity on survival among men with localized prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(10):1335–41. doi: 10.1200/jco.2010.31.2330.
  5. Etienne A, Esterni B, Charbonnier A, et al. Comorbidity is an independent predictor of complete remission in elderly patients receiving induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer. 2007;109(7):1376– doi: 10.1002/cncr.22537.
  6. Kos FT, Yazici O, Civelek B, et al. Evaluation of the effect of comorbidity on survival in pancreatic cancer by using “Charlson Comorbidity Index” and “Cumulative Illness Rating Scale”. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2014;126(1–2):36– doi: 10.1007/s00508-013-0453-9.
  7. Della Porta MG, Malcovati L. Clinical relevance of extra-hematologic comorbidity in the management of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Haematologica. 2009;94(5):602– doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.005702.
  8. Wang S, Wong ML, Hamilton N, et al. Impact of age and comorbidity on non-small-cell lung cancer treatment in older veterans. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(13):1447–55. doi: 11200/jco.2011.39.5269.
  9. Strati P, Chaffe K, Achenbach S, et al. Comorbidity and cause of death in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Cancer Res. 2015;75(15): Abstract 5267. doi: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5267.
  10. Goede V, Paula Cramer P, Busch R, et al. Interactions between comorbidity and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of German Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Study Group trials. 2014;99(6):1095–100. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2013.096792.
  11. Thurmes P, Call T, Slager S, et al. Comorbid conditions and survival in unselected, newly diagnosed patients with chronic lymphocyticleukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2008;49(1):49–56. doi: 10.1080/10428190701724785.
  12. Linn BS, Linn MW, Gurel L. Cumulative illness rating scale. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1968;16(5):622–6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1968.tbx.
  13. Hallek M, Fischer K, Fingerle-Rowson G, et al. Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. 2010;376(9747):1164–74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736.
  14. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8.
  15. Anaissie EJ, Kontoyiannis DP, O’Brien S, et al. Infections in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with fludarabine. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129(7):559– doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00010.
  16. Badoux XC, Keating MJ, Wang X, et al. Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab chemoimmunotherapy is highly effective treatment for relapsed patients with CLL. 2011;117(11):3016–24. doi: 10.1182/blood-2010-08-304683.
  17. Catovsky D, Richards S, Matutes E, et al. Assessment of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (the LRF CLL4 Trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007;370(9583):230–9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61125-8.
  18. Bouvet E, Borel C, Oberic L, et al. Impact of dose intensity on outcome of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab regimen given in the first-line therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 2013;98(1):65–70. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2012.070755.
  19. Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, et al. Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. Psychiatry Res. 1992;41(3):237–48. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(92)90005-n.
  20. Parmlee PA, Thuras PD, Katz IR, et al. Validation of Cumulative Index Rating Scale in a geriatric residential population. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43(2):130–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06377.x.
  21. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, et al. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83. doi: 1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8.