allo-HSCT

Plasmablastic Lymphoma in HIV-Positive Patients: A Literature Review and Results of a Russian Multi-Center Retrospective Study

AUTOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA , ,

MO Popova1, IV Tsygankov1, YaV Gudozhnikova1, YuA Rogacheva1, NP Volkov1, KV Lepik1, MV Demchenkova2, MV Grigoreva2, AYu Efirkina2, TV Shneider3, YuV Kopeikina3, SA Stepanova3, VG Potapenko4, AV Klimovich4, NV Medvedeva4, MA Kolesnikova5, TI Pospelova5, NB Mikhailova1, VV Baikov1, AD Kulagin1

1 RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; IP Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

2 Irkutsk Regional Cancer Center, 32 Frunze str., Irkutsk, Russian Federation, 664035

3 Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital, 45 bld. 2A Lunacharskogo pr-t, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 194291

4 Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 31, 3 Dinamo pr-t, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197110

5 Municipal Center for Hematology, 21 Polzunova str., Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630051

For correspondence: Marina Olegovna Popova, MD, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(911)711-39-77; e-mail: marina.popova.spb@gmail.com

For citation: Popova MO, Tsygankov IV, Gudozhnikova YaV, et al. Plasmablastic Lymphoma in HIV-Positive Patients: A Literature Review and Results of a Russian Multi-Center Retrospective Study. Clinical oncohematology. 2022;15(1):28–41. (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2022-15-1-28-41

ABSTRACT

Background. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease which is almost exclusively associated with immunodeficiency. Most ample experience of chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) in this lymphoma variant has been accumulated in HIV-positive patients.

Aim. To describe the current approaches to PBL diagnosis and treatment in HIV-positive patients as well as to provide the results of the first multi-center retrospective study on PBL epidemiology and therapy efficacy in HIV-positive patients in the Russian Federation.

Materials & Methods. The study included 26 HIV-positive patients with PBL who were treated and followed-up at 5 Russian centers during 2012–2019. The present study is a part of multi-center retrospective study on lymphoma epidemiology in HIV-positive patients in Russia.

Results. PBL accounted for 9.5 % of all lymphomas in HIV-positive patients enrolled in multi-center retrospective study on lymphoma epidemiology in HIV-positive patients in Russia. Epidemiological characteristics of these patients corresponded to those described in previously published literature: the disease being diagnosed mainly at late stages (88 %), oral and nasal mucosa lesions with a common involvement of facial bones (65 %), and lack of optimal HIV-infection control (66.7 %). Most commonly, the patients received EPOCH-like treatment as first-line therapy (50 %). However, the efficacy of primary therapy appeared to be low. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) during a year after first-line therapy onset was 57 % and 46 %, respectively. Bortezomib included in first-line therapy was associated with a trend to a more favorable prognosis. Half of patients showed a lymphoma relapse or progression after first-line therapy. Most used second-line regimen was DHAP. Overall response to second-line therapy was 38.5 %. After second-line therapy onset, 1-year OS and PFS were 26 % and 15 %, respectively.

Conclusion. HIV-positive patients with PBL have poor prognosis. Efforts to improve the prognosis for HIV-positive patients with PBL should be aimed at increasing the efficacy of first-line therapy and should involve the use of intensive chemotherapy regimens with bortezomib. The role of auto- and allo-HSCTs in the treatment of PBL has not been clearly determined, however, PBL patients, despite their HIV-infection, should be regarded as auto-HSCT-eligible in the first remission and allo-HSCT-eligible in case of relapse. Further prospective multi-center studies are needed to optimize the treatment of HIV-positive patients with PBL.

Keywords: plasmablastic lymphoma, HIV-infection, Epstein-Barr virus, MYC, PD-1/PD-L1/2, auto-HSCT, allo-HSCT, bortezomib, nivolumab, immunotherapy.

Received: July 20, 2021

Accepted: November 27, 2021

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EVI1-Positive Leukemias and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Theoretical and Clinical Aspects (Literature Review)

AUTOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA , , , ,

NN Mamaev, AI Shakirova, EV Morozova, TL Gindina

RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; IP Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Prof. Nikolai Nikolaevich Mamaev, MD, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; e-mail: nikmamaev524@gmail.com

For citation: Mamaev NN, Shakirova AI, Morozova EV, Gindina TL. EVI1-Positive Leukemias and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Theoretical and Clinical Aspects (Literature Review). Clinical oncohematology. 2021;14(1):103–17. (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2021-14-1-103-117

ABSTRACT

The present review provides the analysis of theoretical background and therapy of prognostically poorest EVI1-positive myeloid leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes which is performed at the RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation. The focus is on the evidence of the dominating role of EVI1 gene in impaired epigenetic regulation of hematopoiesis and, thus, on the feasibility of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with hypomethylating agents and/or trans-retinoic acid used for these diseases treatment.

Keywords: EVI1, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, allo-HSCT, hypomethylating agents, trans-retinoic acid.

Received: September 12, 2020

Accepted: December 6, 2020

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Статистика Plumx английский

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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Role of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Era of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

AUTOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA ,

EV Morozova, YuYu Vlasova, MV Barabanshchikova, NN Mamaev, IM Barkhatov, AL Alyanskii, EI Darskaya, MV Vladovskaya, SN Bondarenko, IS Moiseev, BV Afanasyev

RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; IP Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Elena Vladislavovna Morozova, MD, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; e-mail: dr_morozova@mail.ru

For citation: Morozova EV, Vlasova YuYu, Barabanshchikova MV, et al. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Role of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Era of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Clinical oncohematology. 2020;13(2):193–8 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2020-13-2-193-198

ABSTRACT

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a radical method of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment. In the 1990s CML became the most frequent indication for allo-HSCT worldwide. CML treatment drastically changed after tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) had been introduced into clinical practice. However, despite considerable progress achieved in treatment, low survival rate is observed in patients with CML either diagnosed at an advanced stage or characterized with resistance, TKI intolerance, and loss of response. For such patients allo-HSCT remains the only and the best treatment solution. The present article discusses current views on the importance of allo-HSCT for CML treatment in the era of extensive use of TKIs.

Keywords: allo-HSCT, chronic myeloid leukemia, TKI.

Received: November 20, 2019

Accepted: February 28, 2020

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Achievements and Challenges in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Cytogenetically Unfavorable Acute Leukemias (Literature Review)

REVIEWS , , , , ,

NN Mamaev, TL Gindina, BV Afanas’ev

RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; IP Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Nikolai Nikolaevich Mamaev, MD, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; e-mail: nikmamaev524@gmail.com

For citation: Mamaev NN, Gindina TL, Afanas’ev BV. Achievements and Challenges in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Cytogenetically Unfavorable Acute Leukemias (Literature Review). Clinical oncohematology. 2019;12(2):111–9.

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2019-12-2-111-119

ABSTRACT

Literature review provides the analysis of treatment results of implementing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with cytogenetically unfavorable acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemias including monosomal, complex, and hyperdiploid karyotypes, t(3;3)/inv(3), t(v;11)(v;q23), t(4;11)(q21;q23), t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocations, 17p abnormalities, and some other disorders. The major disadvantage of allo-HSCT seems to be linked to a strong chromosome-damaging effect of cytostatic drugs used in conditioning regimens which in turn is associated with additional chromosome abnormalities occurring in tumors, increasing genomic instability, and tumor progression. On the other hand, one of the advantages of allo-HSCT can consist in its specific “graft versus leukemia” (GVL) effect whose degree has not yet been adequately studied. To minimize the risks of allo-HSCT in above mentioned patients it appears appropriate to apply new treatment approaches based on de-escalation of chromosome- and whole-genome-damaging effects and also to introduce recent methods of active stimulation and qualitative assessment of GVL effect into clinical practice.

Keywords: acute leukemias, cytogenetically unfavorable variants, allo-HSCT, outcomes, additional chromosome abnormalities, “graft versus leukemia” effect.

Received: October 22, 2018

Accepted: February 2, 2019

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Results of Molecular Monitoring in Posttransplant Period by Means of Series Investigation of WT1 Gene Expression in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , , , ,

YaV Gudozhnikova, NN Mamaev, IM Barkhatov, VA Katerina, TL Gindina, AI Shakirova, SN Bondarenko, OA Slesarchuk, EI Darskaya, OV Paina, LS Zubarovskaya, BV Afanas’ev

RM Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation; IP Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Prof. Nikolai Nikolaevich Mamaev, MD, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(812)233-12-43; e-mail: nikmamaev524@gmail.com

For citation: Gudozhnikova YaV, Mamaev NN, Barkhatov IM, et al. Results of Molecular Monitoring in Posttransplant Period by Means of Series Investigation of WT1 Gene Expression in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clinical oncohematology. 2018;11(3):241–51.

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2018-11-3-241-251

ABSTRACT

Aim. To demonstrate diagnostic and prognostic significance of series measurement of WT1 expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Materials & Methods. The clinical trial included 88 AML patients (38 females (43 %) and 50 males (57 %) aged 2–68, median 30 years). All the patients received allo-HSCT. Bone marrow was aspirated before (D0) and after HSCT (D+30, D+60, and D+100).

Results. The univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in 2-year overall survival with respect to the following factors: with and without remission at the moment of HSCT (p < 0.001), with and without chronic graft vs. host disease (cGVHD) (p = 0.002), primary or secondary (MDS) AML (p = 0,028), WT1 gene expression < and > 250 copies before HSCT (p < 0.001) and at time points D+60 (p = 0.012), and D+100 (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed similar statistical significance of differences among patients transplanted in remission (p = 0.041) and with cGVHD (p = 0.03). In univariate analysis statistically significant differences in 2-year event-free survival (EFS) were found: a) in patients with allo-HSCT, either in remission or not (p < 0.001); b) using HSC, but not bone marrow, as transplant source (p < 0.026); c) with normal or high WT1 expression at the stage of HSCT (p < 0.001) and at time point D+100 (p < 0.001); d) using HSC from related or unrelated donor (p = 0.006); e) in patients with cGVHD (p = 0.05). In multivariate analysis independent positive effect on EFS was observed only in patients with normal WT1 expression at D+100 (p = 0.011) and with cGVHD (p = 0.038). Cumulative incidence of posttransplant relapse (PTR) in AML patients with normal or high WT1 expression at the stage of HSCT within the 2-year follow-up was significantly different (28.2 vs. 58.9 %; p = 0.002), also in measurements of this parameter at D+60 and D+100 (p = 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively). In 1/4 of patients cytological relapses (cPTR) appeared considerably later than molecular relapses (mPTR), i.e. 13–489 days later (median 35 days), which is accounted for by early preventive therapy aimed at cPTR prophylaxis against the background of already recorded mPTR. According to our data, GVHD plays a crucial role in cPTR management.

Conclusion. Phenomenon of WT1 expression normalization after allo-HSCT in AML patients proves to have a high diagnostic and prognostic significance. Introduction of this approach into clinical practice seems highly advisable for national oncohematological centers.

Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia, allo-HSCT, posttransplant relapse, diagnostics and treatment with molecular monitoring of WT1 expression, graft vs. host disease.

Received: January 20, 2018

Accepted: April 18, 2018

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Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Myelofibrosis

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , , ,

MV Barabanshchikova, EV Morozova, VV Baikov, IM Barkhatov, NN Mamaev, SN Bondarenko, AL Alyanskii, LS Zubarovskaya, BV Afanas’ev

R.M. Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Lyudmila Stepanovna Zubarovskaya, DSci, Professor, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(812)338-62-64; e-mail: zubarovskaya_ls@mail.ru

For citation: Barabanshchikova MV, Morozova EV, Baikov VV, et al. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Myelofibrosis. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(3):279-86 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-3-279-286

ABSTRACT

Background & Aims. At present, the allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only treatment option with curative potential in patients with myelofibrosis (MF), especially in intermediate and high risk categories. The aim of the study is to perform a retrospective analysis of allo-HSCT outcomes in MF patients.

Materials & Methods. Outcomes of allo-HSCT in 11 intermediate-2 (n = 3) and high (n = 6) risk patients (based on Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring Scale, DIPSSplus) performed in the R.M. Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation over the period from 2005 till 2015 were analyzed in the study. Two more patients underwent allo-HSCT in MF blast phase. Two patients received ruxolitinib before allo-HSCT and 1 patient before and after allo-HSCT. Reduced intensity conditioning regimen was used in all cases.

Results. Primary engraftment was documented in 8 patients. 72 % of patients achieved complete hematological remission. Molecular remission and myelofibrosis regression were confirmed in 5 patients. 5 of 11 patients were still with remission and followed-up by the date of the paper submission. The overall two-year survival was 46 %.

Conclusion. Allo-HSCT is an effective treatment option for MF patients. Further trials are required to evaluate an optimal timing for allo-HSCT in MF patients and efficacy of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors as pre- and posttransplant therapy in MF.

Keywords: myelofibrosis, allo-HSCT, reduced intensity conditioning regimen, ruxolitinib.

Received: January 28, 2016

Accepted: March 22, 2016

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REFERENCES

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Results of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and Additional Cytogenetic Abnormalities

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , ,

TL Gindina, NN Mamaev, SN Bondarenko, ES Nikolaeva, OA Slesarchuk, AS Borovkova, OV Paina, SV Razumova, AL Alyanskii, LS Zubarovskaya, BV Afanas’ev

R.M. Gorbacheva Scientific Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantation; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022

For correspondence: Tat’yana Leonidovna Gindina, PhD, 6/8 L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 197022; Tel.: +7(812)233-12-43; e-mail: cytogenetics.bmt.lab@gmail.com

For citation: Gindina TL, Mamaev NN, Bondarenko SN, et al. Results of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and Additional Cytogenetic Abnormalities. Clinical oncohematology. 2016;9(2):148–54 (In Russ).

DOI: 10.21320/2500-2139-2016-9-2-148-154

ABSTRACT

Aim. To evaluate the impact of additional chromosomal aberrations on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 translocation.

Methods. Twenty-five AML patients with t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 translocation (10 women and 15 men, aged from 2 to 58 years; median 20.2) were examined. Analysis of overall (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) predictors after allo-HSCT in patients with different clinical, transplant and cytogenetic characteristics was performed.

Results. The additional cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 13 (52 %) patients before the transplantation, at that, complex karyotype with three or more chromosomal abnormalities were registered in 9 (69 %) patients. The univariate analysis showed that OS and EFS after allo-HSCT differed in patients with different characteristics such as age (p = 0.03; p = 0.0006), clinical status at transplantation (p = 0.0002; p = 0,006), donor type (p = 0.0003; p = 0.002), the interval from diagnosis of leukemia to allo-HSCT (p = 0,008, for OS only), additional cytogenetic abnormalities (p = 0.03; p = 0.009) and complex karyotype (p = 0.004; p = 0.0003), respectively. In multivariate analysis, independent predictors of OS were donor type (p = 0.01), the interval from diagnosis of leukemia to allo-HSCT (p = 0.01), and additional cytogenetic abnormalities in karyotype (p = 0.04), as well as donor type (p = 0.04) and patient’s age (p = 0.004) for EFS.

Conclusion. AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 translocation is a heterogeneous disease. The prognosis in patients with the additional cytogenetic abnormalities, especially in those with the complex karyotype, is worse both after the standard chemotherapy (i.e. before allo-HSCT), and after allo-HSCT.

Keywords: AML with t(8;21) translocation, allo-HSCT, cytogenetic abnormalities.

Received: February 6, 2016

Accepted: February 15, 2016

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Impact of molecular genetic and cytogenetic characteristics on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in chronic myeloid leukemia

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION , , ,

A.V. Gorbunova, T.L. Gindina, E V. Morozova, I.M. Barkhatov, N.N. Mamayev, and B.V. Afanasyev

R.M. Gorbacheva Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, I.P. Pavlov State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

ABSTRACT

Point mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain, BCR-ABL and EVI1 gene expression alterations, and additional chromosomal aberrations in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia are strongly associated with resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and disease progression, but their effect on the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is uncertain. This retrospective study included 35 CML patients with resistance to TKI therapy who received a related or unrelated HSCT. Additional chromosomal aberrations were associated with the decreased rate of the complete molecular response (CMR) after allo-HSCT. EVI1 expression level was associated with a decreased disease-free survival (DFS). BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations showed no influence on CMR, OS, and DFS in this patient cohort. 9 out of 10 patients with T315I mutation achieved CMR. EVI1-directed stratification of patients during the post-transplantation period may improve outcome of HSCT.

Keywords: chronic myeloid leukemia, CML, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation, allo-HSCT, BCR-ABL, EVI1.

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Refernces

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Management of refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adolescents: remission re-induction followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LYMPHOID TUMORS , , , ,

E.V. Semenova, N.V. Stancheva, S.N. Bondarenko, V.N. Vavilov, D.A. Bagge, O.V. Paina, S.V. Razumova, A.S. Borovkova, T.A. Bykova, A.A. Raths, L.S. Zuborovskaya, B.V. Afanasyev

R.M. Gorbacheva Memorial Institute of Children Hematology and Transplantation, Pavlov State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

ABSTRACT

Objective: to analyze efficacy of fludarabine- and nelarabine-containing chemotherapy  before  allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children and adolescents with relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) .

Patients and methods: Thirty three patients (pts) with relapsed and refractory ALL from 1 till 21 y.o. (median age was 11,5 y.o.) were treated by fludarabine- (n=23) and nelarabine- (n=10) containing therapy.  Subsequently 24 patients underwent allo-HSCT.  

Results: CR was achieved in 11(48%) of 23 pts after FLAG±IDA and 7 (70%) of 10 pts after nelarabine-containg regimens. Duration of remissions were 1-18 months (median was 4,9 months).

Overall 3-year survival (OS) after allo-HSCT in remission was 58%, OS  after allo-HSCT in relapse was 8%, OS without allo-HSCT was 0%.

Conclusion: Fludarabine- and nelarabine-containing therapy can be used as bridge to allo-HSCT in children and adolescents with poor-prognosis ALL.

Кeywords: fludarabine, nelarabine, allo-HSCT, relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia, children and adolescents

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REFERENCES

 

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